2022年6月30日 星期四

Tonsillitis

 




Tonsil is the lymphoid tissue at the oropharynx. It can be seen in the back of the throat. It is the guard of our upper respiratory tract. Tonsillitis is the inflammation of the tonsils, which is commonly caused by bacteria or virus.



Symptoms of Tonsillitis

Fever, sore throat, pain on swallowing are the common symptom of tonsillitis.



Treatment of Tonsillitis
Treatment includes symptomatic treatment with medications to reduce the pain and the fever. Antibiotic will be prescribed in case of bacterial tonsillitis.


Tonsillectomy is the removal of tonsil. The procedure is performed under general anaesthesia. The indications of the operation include repeated episodes of tonsillitis, recurrent peritonsillar abscess, sleep apnea. The morbidity rate associated with tonsillectomy is 2% to 4% due to post-operative bleeding.

Patients need to stay in the hospital for one or two days after surgery. Sore throat will persist for around two weeks after the operation, and analgesic will be prescribed. Proper hydration is very important, as dehydration can increase throat pain, leading to a vicious circle of poor fluid intake. Recovery can take from 7 to 10 days, and patients are good to resume daily activities.

Removal of the tonsils does not reduce the immunity of the body in any significant way. There are many other lymphoid tissues that also perform the same function. There is enough scientific evidence to show that the immunity of the body does not reduce after a tonsillectomy.






Reference information: www.ent-hk.com/ 
The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

2022年6月24日 星期五

微創射頻術 「燒」滅鼻鼾

 



伴侶每晚鼾聲如雷,難為枕邊人無覺好瞓。有專科醫生指,年過卅歲、臉頰窄小和「肥胖一族」都是睡眠窒息症高危患者,上呼吸道組織嚴重阻塞呼吸道,睡眠時間歇停止呼吸,鼻鼾亦愈嚴重。本港近兩年引入微創射頻消融術,以高熱將阻塞的上呼吸道組織縮小,以擴大呼吸道空間,七成患者鼻鼾有明顯改善,但仍有復發機會,且只適合輕度成年患者。

上呼吸道組織如鼻黏膜、「吊鐘」、軟顎組織及舌頭,在睡眠時放鬆和收窄,在呼吸時產生震動,便產生鼻鼾。耳鼻喉專科醫生何峯指,當有關組織完全阻塞呼吸道時,呼吸聲和鼻鼾聲都會停止,造成阻塞性睡眠窒息。根據國際診斷標準,成人若停止呼吸逾十秒,每小時出現逾五次,已可斷定為患者。「全港約有四成半人有鼻鼾,當中睡眠窒息症患者佔百分之六,男性患者較多。」

灼傷患處擴呼吸空間

最新的微創射頻消融術,利用插入式射頻儀器,將阻塞部位加熱至攝氏六十五至九十度,灼傷後組織形成疤痕,待身體吸收後組織變小及變硬,達至擴大呼吸道空間效果。何峯指,術後一個月已見效,「熱力程度儼如灼傷,手術可在診所進行,病人只須接受局部麻醉,術後半小時即可離開,醫療費用比外科手術大減九成,痛楚日數可減至六日。」


何峯承認射頻消融術功效最多維持兩年,但可重複使用,減肥仍是最健康的根治方法。本港個別公立醫院提供有關手術,兩年來已有約六十名患者接受治療,七成人術後鼻鼾有明顯改善;約五成人願意再接受治療。「唯一缺點是射頻術只適合輕度成年患者,及只有部分保險公司承保。」


其他治療方法,包括睡眠時戴着面罩使用正氣壓呼吸機,可即時控制阻塞情況,但八成患者試用首年後堅拒再用。外科手術切除阻塞組織也是常用療法,患者須全身麻醉,留院三至五日,術後痛楚持續兩至三周。「公立醫院至少排期兩年半,私院動輒索價三、四萬元。阻塞部位如多於一處,手術後有機會復發,可能需再動手術。」


記者趙婉嫻




參考資料:https://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20120512/00176_061.html

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途,如果你有任何醫療問題,

應向自己的耳鼻喉科醫生查詢,而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。