How the Voice Works(2)

The Vibrator: The larynx (or voice box) sits on top of the windpipe. It contains two vocal folds (also known as vocal cords) that open during breathing and close during swallowing and voice production. When we produce voice, the airstream passes between the two vocal folds that have come together. These folds are soft and are set into vibration by the passing airstream. They vibrate very fast – from 100 to 1000 times per second, depending on the pitch of the sound we make. Pitch is determined by the length and tension of the vocal folds, which are controlled by muscles in the larynx.

The Resonator: By themselves, the vocal folds produce a noise that sounds like simple buzzing, much like the mouthpiece on a trumpet. All of the structure above the folds, including the throat, nose, and mouth, are part of the resonator system. We can compare these structures to those of a horn or trumpet. The buzzing sound created by vocal fold vibration is changed by the shape of the resonator tract to produce our unique human sound.

When our voices are healthy, the three main parts work in harmony to provide effortless voice during speech and singing.

Reference information:  www.ent-hk.com/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

How the Voice Works(1)

We rely on our voices every day to interact with others, and a healthy voice is critical for clear communication. But just as we walk without thinking about it, we usually speak without thinking how our body makes it happen. However, knowing how we make sound is useful to maintaining the health and effectiveness of our voices. So this year on World Voice Day, April 16, take a minute to learn how your voice works. The following overview describes the body parts that work together to produce the sounds we make when we speak and sing.

The main parts of voice production:

• The Power Source: Your Lungs

• The Vibrator: Your Voice Box

• The Resonator: Your Throat, Nose, Mouth, and Sinuses

The Power Source: The power for your voice comes from air that you exhale. When we inhale, the diaphragm lowers and the rib cage expands, drawing air into the lungs. As we exhale, the process reverses and air exits the lungs, creating an airstream in the trachea. This airstream provides the energy for the vocal folds in the voice box to produce sound. The stronger the airstream, the stronger the voice. Give your voice good breath support to create a steady strong airstream that helps you make clear sounds.

Reference information: www.ent-hk.com/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. 

Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment 

and should not rely on the information above.

如何治療打鼻鼾 ?

 


打鼻鼾成因
 
打鼻鼾是由於睡覺時，患者的肌肉完全放鬆，其舌頭和吊鐘部位會向後墮或咽喉組織過多，而引致空氣不能順利通過，造成氣管阻塞，要用力呼吸才可以通過障礙物，形成鼻鼾。患者通常是過胖，其中以中年男士居多。打鼻鼾是睡眠窒息症的先兆，不容忽視。


射頻手術 - 治療打鼻鼾

現今醫學昌明，打鼻鼾已可以透過微創射頻手術治療，耳鼻喉專科醫生會利用射頻以65至80度的熱力把阻塞咽喉的軟組織去除。射頻手術會於局部麻醉下進行，過程大約十五分鐘，可減輕打鼻鼾和睡眠窒息症的症狀。微創手術後，大約4至6個星期後會出現效果，幾個月後效果會越見明顯。手術功效可維持1至2年，直至軟組織重新生長。


射頻手術後處理
 
耳鼻喉專科醫生會處方血管收縮素噴劑、消炎藥等藥物，以減輕手術後的不適和發炎機會。每一項手術也有其風險，射頻治療有機會出現流血、發炎和黏膜潰瘍等併發症，出現併發症的機率少於1%。

射頻療程過程快捷，只有少量不適，手術後毋需住院，但病狀有復發的可能。







資料來源: www.ent-hk.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

小童晚上睡覺時常鼻塞

 

小童鼻塞,可以是鼻敏感,可留意家居環境。


日常應注意,環境衛生,減少致敏原(如塵埃螨)的接觸。床單,被鋪應憑勤換,空調的隔塵網應定時清潔。植物,寵物,毛公仔亦可引起敏感,應盡量避免。


每天用鹽水清洗鼻腔,可減少徵狀。如情況持續,可使用藥物治療,一般鼻敏感藥(抗組織胺劑)都可以控制情況。另外,消炎噴劑亦是很有效的治療方法,雖然含有類固醇,但劑量少及吸收量低,很少有副作用。如情況嚴重,應找耳鼻喉醫生檢查。 除了鼻敏感,亦可能是在鼻咽的腺樣體肥大,阻塞鼻腔所致,除了引起鼻塞,可容易導致鼻竇炎,需以外科手術切除。


發現小朋友睡覺時鼻塞,亦要留意有否鼻鼾, 因可能是睡眠窒息的病徵。如忽略了,可導致注意力不能集中,學業受到影響,甚至影響腦部發展。睡眠窒息的小朋友長大後亦更容易患上高血壓,心臟病等。大部份睡眠窒息的小朋友,經割除扁桃腺及腺樣體後都可痊癒。










參考資料: www.ent-hk.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

Tonsillitis

Tonsil is the lymphoid tissue at the oropharynx. It can be seen in the back of the throat. It is the guard of our upper respiratory tract. Tonsillitis is the inflammation of the tonsils, which is commonly caused by bacteria or virus.



Symptoms of Tonsillitis
Fever, sore throat, pain on swallowing are the common symptom of tonsillitis.



Treatment of Tonsillitis
Treatment includes symptomatic treatment with medications to reduce the pain and the fever. Antibiotic will be prescribed in case of bacterial tonsillitis.


Tonsillectomy is the removal of tonsil. The procedure is performed under general anaesthesia. The indications of the operation include repeated episodes of tonsillitis, recurrent peritonsillar abscess, sleep apnea. The morbidity rate associated with tonsillectomy is 2% to 4% due to post-operative bleeding.

Patients need to stay in the hospital for one or two days after surgery. Sore throat will persist for around two weeks after the operation, and analgesic will be prescribed. Proper hydration is very important, as dehydration can increase throat pain, leading to a vicious circle of poor fluid intake. Recovery can take from 7 to 10 days, and patients are good to resume daily activities.

Removal of the tonsils does not reduce the immunity of the body in any significant way. There are many other lymphoid tissues that also perform the same function. There is enough scientific evidence to show that the immunity of the body does not reduce after a tonsillectomy.






Reference information: www.ent-hk.com/ 

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

暈車浪點算好 ?

乘車時感到頭暈,甚至嘔吐,是「暈車浪」。

暈車浪是乘坐交通工具時,身體接收到不同的訊息,引起衝突所致。如乘坐汽車時,身體關節收到的訊息是靜止的,如眼睛也在看書時,收到的信息亦是靜止的,然而,內耳的平衡器卻感應到汽車的移動。不同的訊息引起大腦的混亂,造成暈車浪的不適及嘔吐。

要減少暈車浪,在車上可多看遠景,使大腦可接收到身體在前行的訊息。如在許可情況下,可多安排中途休息。多乘坐交通工具亦可使身體更適應此情況,有助減少暈車浪。

如情況嚴重,可考慮於長棄旅程時服用止暈藥,但需要在出發前一段時間服用。

 

 

參考資料: http://www.ent-hk.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

工作環境導致過敏-鼻敏感, 鼻敏感治療

 

鼻敏感正名是過敏性鼻炎。是人體的免疫系統,對致敏原產生排斥反應。工作環境亦存在很多致敏原,塵螨是常見的其中一種,常依附在地氈,毛質傢俬。要減少接觸過敏原, 減少雜物堆積, 勤換及清洗冷氣隔塵網,有可能的話可打開窗戶,保持空氣流通。


空氣污染,塵埃是常見的刺激來源。另外,工作環境亦存在很多致敏原,塵螨是常見的其中一種,常依附在地氈,毛質傢俬。公司如採用封閉式空調系統和不易清洗的佈置如地氈,窗簾等,都會令室內佈滿致敏原,導致空氣質素下降。如工作間存在化學物質,更容易引起鼻敏感發作。


要減少接觸過敏原,應保持工作環境清潔，減少雜物堆積,勤換及清洗冷氣隔塵網,有可能的話可打開窗戶,保持空氣流通。如有需要可能要配戴口罩。






參考資料: http://www.ent-hk.com/
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。