逆生性乳頭瘤

逆生性乳頭瘤是鼻竇最常見的良性腫瘤，通常是單側。它的成因未明，估計與人類乳頭瘤病毒有關。雖然是良性，但有演變成惡性(癌症)的機會，切不可掉以輕心。它的外表跟鼻息肉相似，但較易流血。逆生性乳頭瘤病徵包括鼻塞及流鼻血。


治療方法是以手術切除，傳統的手術包括「典克」手術, Denker’s Operation 或外鼻切開術, Lateral Rhinotomy。現代均採用鼻內視鏡手術切除，除了避免留下疤痕，亦可加快痊癒。

逆生性乳頭瘤復發機會高，更會有擴展的機會，必須盡早處理。手術後亦要定期檢查觀察，若發現復發,便盡早處理。

參考資料: www.ent-hk.com

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，

應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

針炙、按摩可治療鼻敏感 ?

 

有些病人擔心鼻敏感藥會令人嗜睡，影響工作和學習，於是自行購買一些「無睡意」的收鼻水藥物。這些藥物成份不明，短暫可能真的有收鼻水效果，可是長期服用，很可能有嚴重副用作用。其實現在有一些不會令人昏昏欲睡的鼻敏感藥，由於屬於處方藥，病人需向耳鼻喉科醫生查詢。


亦有一些病人會選擇利用針炙、按摩等方法來治療鼻敏感。其實這些療法只是暫時控制神經感覺，減緩鼻子的敏感反應，停止療程不久就會翻發。長期使用的話，鼻膜就會因為發炎一直損壞，甚至會削弱低抗力。


一些鼻敏感病人即使常常運動仍不停傷風感冒，就是因為鼻敏感處理得不好，惡化成慢性鼻炎，令鼻膜細胞受損，對抗病毒的能力轉弱，於是極易感染病菌。


要控制鼻敏感，就要從環境控制及藥物兩方面著手。病人日常要保持家居清潔，減少塵蟎及霉菌等致敏原，一旦有嚴重徵狀就求醫，只要在鼻敏感初期控制得好，日後即使轉季敏感反應也不會太大。

何峯 耳鼻喉專科醫生




參考資料: www.singtao.com
以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

打鼻鼾的治療方法

 

打鼻鼾成因
打鼻鼾是由於睡覺時，患者的肌肉完全放鬆，其舌頭和吊鐘部位會向後墮或咽喉組織過多，而引致空氣不能順利通過，造成氣管阻塞，要用力呼吸才可以通過障礙物，形成鼻鼾。患者通常是過胖，其中以中年男士居多。打鼻鼾是睡眠窒息症的先兆，不容忽視。

射頻手術 - 治療打鼻鼾
現今醫學昌明，打鼻鼾已可以透過微創射頻手術治療，耳鼻喉專科醫生會利用射頻以65至80度的熱力把阻塞咽喉的軟組織去除。射頻手術會於局部麻醉下進行，過程大約十五分鐘，可減輕打鼻鼾和睡眠窒息症的症狀。微創手術後，大約4至6個星期後會出現效果，幾個月後效果會越見明顯。手術功效可維持1至2年，直至軟組織重新生長。

 

射頻手術後處理
耳鼻喉專科醫生會處方血管收縮素噴劑、消炎藥等藥物，以減輕手術後的不適和發炎機會。每一項手術也有其風險，射頻治療有機會出現流血、發炎和黏膜潰瘍等併發症，出現併發症的機率少於1%。

射頻療程過程快捷，只有少量不適，手術後毋需住院，但病狀有復發的可能。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

參考資料: www.ent-hk.com

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，

應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。

Mouth Sores(Part 3)

 

 

 

 

What are other types of oral lesions to be concerned about?

Leukoplakia—A thick, whitish-color patch that forms on the inside of the cheeks, gums, or tongue. These patches are caused by excess cell growth and are common among tobacco users. They can result from irritations such as ill-fitting dentures or the habit of chewing on the inside of the cheek. Leukoplakia can progress to cancer.

Candidiasis—A fungal infection (also called moniliasis or oral thrush) that occurs when yeast reproduce in large numbers. It is common among denture wearers and most often occurs in people who are very young, elderly, debilitated by disease, or who have a problem with their immune system. People who have dry mouth syndrome are very susceptible to candidiasis. Candida may flourish after antibiotic treatment, which can decrease normal bacteria in the mouth.

Hairy tongue—A relatively rare condition caused by the elongation of the taste buds. It can be caused by poor oral hygiene, chronic oral irritation, or smoking.

 

Torus palatinus—A hard bony growth in the center of the roof of the mouth (palate). It commonly occurs in females over the age of 30 and rarely needs treatment. A torus palatinus is often seen in patients who suffer from tooth grinding. Occasionally it is removed for the proper fitting of dentures.

Oral cancer—It may appear as a white or red patch of tissue in the mouth, or a small ulcer that looks like a common canker sore. Other than the lips, the most common areas for oral cancer to develop are on the tongue and the floor of the mouth. Other symptoms include a lump or mass that can be felt inside the mouth or neck; pain or difficulty in swallowing, speaking, or chewing; any wart-like mass; hoarseness that lasts for more than two weeks; or any numbness in the oral/facial region.

Tips to prevent mouth sores

• Stop smoking.

• Reduce stress.

• Avoid injury to the mouth caused by hard tooth brushing, hard foods, braces, or dentures.

• Chew slowly.

• Practice good dental hygiene, including regular visits to the dentist.

• Eat a well-balanced diet.

• Identify and eliminate food sensitivities.

• Drink plenty of water.

• Avoid very hot food or beverages.

• Follow nutritional guidelines for multivitamin supplements.

 

 

 

Reference information: www.ent-hk.com/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

Mouth Sores(Part 2)

 

 

 

What are canker sores?

Canker sores (also called aphthous ulcers) are different than fever blisters. They are small, red or white, shallow ulcers occurring on the tongue, soft palate, or inside the lips and cheeks; they do not occur in the roof of the mouth or the gums. They are quite painful, and usually last 5-10 days.

 

 

Who is most likely to get canker sores, and what causes them?

Eighty percent of the U.S. population between the ages of 10 to 20, most often women, get canker sores. The best available evidence suggests that canker sores result from an altered local immune response associated with stress, trauma, or irritation. Acidic foods (e.g., tomatoes, citrus fruits, and some nuts) are known to cause irritation in some patients.

 

Are canker sores contagious? How are they treated?

Because they are not caused by bacteria or viral agents, they are not contagious and cannot be spread locally or to anyone else. Treatment is directed toward relieving discomfort and guarding against infection. A topical corticosteroid preparation such as triamcinolone dental paste (Kenalog in Orabase 0.1%®) is helpful.

 

When should a physician be consulted?

Consider consulting a physician if a mouth sore has not healed within two weeks. Mouth sores offer an easy way for germs and viruses to get into the body, so it is easy for infections to develop.

 

People who consume alcohol, smokers, smokeless tobacco users, chemotherapy or radiation patients, bone marrow or stem cell recipients, or patients with weak immune systems should also consider having regular oral screenings by a physician. The first sign of oral cancer is a mouth sore that does not heal.

 

What kind of screenings are performed?

The physician will most likely examine the head, face, neck, lips, gums, and high-risk areas inside the mouth, such as the floor of the mouth, the area under the tongue, the front and sides of the tongue, and the roof of the mouth or soft palate. If a suspicious lesion is found, the physician may recommend collecting and testing soft tissue from the oral cavity.

 

 

Reference information:  www.ent-hk.com/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

Mouth Sores(Part 1)

 

 

 

 

Oral lesions (mouth sores) make it painful to eat and talk. Two of the most common recurrent oral lesions are fever blisters (also known as cold sores) and canker sores. Though similar, fever blisters and canker sores have important differences.

 

What are fever blisters?

Fever blisters are fluid-filled blisters that commonly occur on the lips. They also can occur on the gums and roof of the mouth (hard palate), but this is rare. Fever blisters are usually painful; pain may precede the appearance of the lesion by a few days. The blisters rupture within hours, then crust over. They last about seven to ten days.

 

Why do fever blisters reoccur?

 

Fever blisters result from a herpes simplex virus that becomes active. This virus is latent (dormant) in afflicted people, but can be activated by conditions such as stress, fever, trauma, hormonal changes, and exposure to sunlight. When lesions reappear, they tend to form in the same location.

 

Are fever blisters contagious?

Yes, the time from blister rupture until the sore is completely healed is the time of greatest risk for spread of infection. The virus can spread to the afflicted person’s eyes and genitalia, as well as to other people.

 

How are fever blisters treated?

Treatment consists of coating the lesions with a protective barrier ointment containing an antiviral agent, for example 5% acyclovir ointment. While there is no cure now, scientists are trying to develop one, so hopefully fever blisters will be a curable disorder in the future.

 

Tips to prevent spreading fever blisters

 

• Avoid mucous membrane contact when a lesion is present.

• Do not squeeze, pinch, or pick the blisters.

• Wash hands carefully before touching eyes, genital area, or another person.

Note: Despite all caution, it is possible to transmit herpes virus even when no blisters are present.

 

 

Reference information: www.ent-hk.com/

The information aims to provide educational purpose only. Anyone reading it should consult ENT Specialists before considering treatment and should not rely on the information above.

鼻竇內視鏡手術 - 鼻竇炎手術

手術目的是把鼻腔及鼻竇內的阻塞清除，促進鼻分泌物的流動及排除。 手術可透過內視鏡治療發炎位置，按情況，耳鼻喉醫生會為患者進行局部麻醉或全身麻醉。通過內視鏡的監察，在鼻腔內進行手術，故此面上及鼻子外面均不會有傷 口或留下疤痕。 另外，在鼻竇內視鏡手術過程中，亦可即時進行其他手術，包括鼻中隔成型術或鼻息肉切除術。

 
鼻竇炎手術後

手術後，患者的鼻腔內會放入敷料，並於一至兩天後由醫生取出。所以患者於手術後頭兩天需要休息。患者會出現鼻子阻塞和不適的感覺，耳鼻喉醫生會處方藥物以 控制不適感。

於手術後初期，患者需每天以生理鹽水清洗鼻腔，以減少感染。患者亦要依時覆診，讓耳鼻喉醫生清潔及護理傷口，確保傷口癒合良好。

內視鏡手術會有可能出現併發症，如出血、發炎等等，而發生併發症的機會不多於1%。

 

 

 

資料來源: www.ent-hk.com

以上所提供的資訊僅作為教育及參考用途，如果你有任何醫療問題，
應向自己的耳鼻喉專科醫生查詢，而不應單倚賴以上提供的資料。